Godan verb (む)
積むつむ
tsumu積む (つむ, tsumu) — to pile up — is a godan verb ending in む: 積んで (te-form), 積んだ (past), 積まない (negative), 積みます (polite).
It is transitive: it takes a direct object. It also means to stack.
How 積む conjugates · godan む-verb
Only the last kana changes: む becomes ま, み, め or も.
Which one depends on the ending. The five are one line of the hiragana chart — same consonant, vowels あ・い・う・え・お — and everything before that kana never changes.
ま積まないnegative
み積みますpolite present
む積むdictionary form
め積めるpotential積めばif
も積もうvolitional
The て and た forms · む → んで, んだ
ん積んでte-form積んだpast
The て and た forms are the only two that don't follow this pattern. Every む-, ぶ- and ぬ-verb has the same んで there.
N1 N tags give the JLPT level at which the game starts quizzing a form.
Aa Dimmed forms are too rare in everyday Japanese for the game to quiz.
PLAIN
| Form | Conjugation | Audio |
|---|---|---|
| present | 積む つむ tsumu | |
| past I stacked them up. | 積んだ つんだ tsunda | |
| negative I don't pile it up. | 積まない つまない tsumanai | |
| te-form I stack them up and … | 積んで つんで tsunde | |
| past negative | 積まなかった つまなかった tsumanakatta | |
| volitional Let's pile it up. | 積もう つもう tsumou | |
| potential I can stack them up. | 積める つめる tsumeru | |
| cond. ば If I stack them up, ... | 積めば つめば tsumeba | |
| cond. たら When I pile it up, ... | 積んだら つんだら tsundara | |
| passive It gets piled up. | 積まれる つまれる tsumareru | |
| causative I make someone pile it up. | 積ませる つませる tsumaseru | |
| imperative N1 Stack them up! | 積め つめ tsume |
POLITE
| Form | Conjugation | Audio |
|---|---|---|
| present | 積みます つみます tsumimasu | |
| past I stacked them up. | 積みました つみました tsumimashita | |
| negative I don't pile it up. | 積みません つみません tsumimasen | |
| past negative | 積みませんでした つみませんでした tsumimasendeshita | |
| volitional Let's pile it up. | 積みましょう つみましょう tsumimashou |
ASPECT
| Form | Conjugation | Audio |
|---|---|---|
| ている I'm stacking them up. | 積んでいる つんでいる tsundeiru | |
| ていた I was stacking them up. | 積んでいた つんでいた tsundeita | |
| ています I'm stacking them up. | 積んでいます つんでいます tsundeimasu | |
| ていました I was stacking them up. | 積んでいました つんでいました tsundeimashita |