Ichidan verb
仕えるつかえる
tsukaeru仕える (つかえる, tsukaeru) — to serve — is an ichidan verb: 仕えて (te-form), 仕えた (past), 仕えない (negative), 仕えます (polite).
It also means to work for; to attend.
How 仕える conjugates · ichidan verb
Drop the る, then add the ending.
Nothing else moves: every ending attaches straight to the stem 仕え. That is what makes ichidan the easy class.
仕える
dropsstem + ending
仕えない仕えないnegative · I don't serve someone.
仕えます仕えますpolite present
仕えて仕えてte-form · I serve someone and …
仕えた仕えたpast · I served someone.
仕えられる仕えられるpotential
仕えれば仕えればif · If I serve someone, ...
仕えよう仕えようvolitional · Let's serve someone.
No sound changes and no vowel rows. The catch is telling ichidan from godan: plenty of godan verbs end in る too.
Aa Dimmed forms are too rare in everyday Japanese for the game to quiz.
PLAIN
| Form | Conjugation | Audio |
|---|---|---|
| present | 仕える つかえる tsukaeru | |
| past I served someone. | 仕えた つかえた tsukaeta | |
| negative I don't serve someone. | 仕えない つかえない tsukaenai | |
| te-form I serve someone and … | 仕えて つかえて tsukaete | |
| past negative I didn't serve someone. | 仕えなかった つかえなかった tsukaenakatta | |
| volitional Let's serve someone. | 仕えよう つかえよう tsukaeyou | |
| potential | 仕えられる つかえられる tsukaerareru | |
| cond. ば If I serve someone, ... | 仕えれば つかえれば tsukaereba | |
| cond. たら | 仕えたら つかえたら tsukaetara | |
| passive I'm served by someone. | 仕えられる つかえられる tsukaerareru | |
| causative I make someone serve someone else. | 仕えさせる つかえさせる tsukaesaseru | |
| imperative Serve someone! | 仕えろ つかえろ tsukaero |
POLITE
| Form | Conjugation | Audio |
|---|---|---|
| present | 仕えます つかえます tsukaemasu | |
| past I served someone. | 仕えました つかえました tsukaemashita | |
| negative I don't serve someone. | 仕えません つかえません tsukaemasen | |
| past negative I didn't serve someone. | 仕えませんでした つかえませんでした tsukaemasendeshita | |
| volitional Let's serve someone. | 仕えましょう つかえましょう tsukaemashou |
ASPECT
| Form | Conjugation | Audio |
|---|---|---|
| ている I'm serving someone. | 仕えている つかえている tsukaeteiru | |
| ていた I was serving someone. | 仕えていた つかえていた tsukaeteita | |
| ています I'm serving someone. | 仕えています つかえています tsukaeteimasu | |
| ていました I was serving someone. | 仕えていました つかえていました tsukaeteimashita |