Godan verb (ぐ)

凌ぐしのぐ

shinogu

to endure · N1

凌ぐ (しのぐ, shinogu) — to endure — is a godan verb ending in ぐ: 凌いで (te-form), 凌いだ (past), 凌がない (negative), 凌ぎます (polite).

It is transitive: it takes a direct object. It also means to keep out; to stave off.

How 凌ぐ conjugates · godan ぐ-verb

Only the last kana changes: ぐ becomes が, ぎ, げ or ご.

Which one depends on the ending. The five are one line of the hiragana chart — same consonant, vowels あ・い・う・え・お — and everything before that kana never changes.

が凌がないnegative

ぎ凌ぎますpolite present

ぐ凌ぐdictionary form

げ凌げるpotential凌げばif

ご凌ごうvolitional

The て and た forms · ぐ → いで, いだい凌いでte-form凌いだpast

The て and た forms are the only two that don't follow this pattern. Every く- and ぐ-verb changes the same way there; only 行く is different.

N5 N tags give the JLPT level at which the game starts quizzing a form.

Aa Dimmed forms are too rare in everyday Japanese for the game to quiz.

PLAIN

Form	Conjugation	Audio
present N5	凌ぐしのぐ shinogu
past N5 I got through it.	凌いだしのいだ shinoida
negative N5	凌がないしのがない shinoganai
te-form N5 I get through it and …	凌いでしのいで shinoide
past negative N4	凌がなかったしのがなかった shinoganakatta
volitional N4 Let's get through it.	凌ごうしのごう shinogou
potential N3 I can get through it.	凌げるしのげる shinogeru
cond. ば N3 If I get through it, ...	凌げばしのげば shinogeba
cond. たら N3 When I get through it, ...	凌いだらしのいだら shinoidara
passive N2	凌がれるしのがれる shinogareru
causative N2	凌がせるしのがせる shinogaseru
imperative N1 Get through it!	凌げしのげ shinoge

POLITE

Form	Conjugation	Audio
present N5	凌ぎますしのぎます shinogimasu
past N5 I got through it.	凌ぎましたしのぎました shinogimashita
negative N5	凌ぎませんしのぎません shinogimasen
past negative N4	凌ぎませんでしたしのぎませんでした shinogimasendeshita
volitional N4 Let's get through it.	凌ぎましょうしのぎましょう shinogimashou

ASPECT

Form	Conjugation	Audio
ている N4 I'm getting through it.	凌いでいるしのいでいる shinoideiru
ていた N4 I was getting through it.	凌いでいたしのいでいた shinoideita
ています N4 I'm getting through it.	凌いでいますしのいでいます shinoideimasu
ていました N4 I was getting through it.	凌いでいましたしのいでいました shinoideimashita