Ichidan verb
着るきる
kiruAlso read きる: 切る (cut), 斬る (slay). All 3 words
着る (きる, kiru) — to wear — is an ichidan verb: 着て (te-form), 着た (past), 着ない (negative), 着ます (polite).
It is transitive: it takes a direct object. It also means to put on.
How 着る conjugates · ichidan verb
Drop the る, then add the ending.
Nothing else moves: every ending attaches straight to the stem 着. That is what makes ichidan the easy class.
着る
dropsstem + ending
着ない着ないnegative · I don't wear it.
着ます着ますpolite present
着て着てte-form · I put it on and …
着た着たpast · I wore it.
着られる着られるpotential · I can wear it.
着れば着ればif · If I put it on, ...
着よう着ようvolitional · Let's wear it.
No sound changes and no vowel rows. The catch is telling ichidan from godan: plenty of godan verbs end in る too.
N5 N tags give the JLPT level at which the game starts quizzing a form.
PLAIN
| Form | Conjugation | Audio |
|---|---|---|
| present N5 | 着る きる kiru | |
| past N5 I wore it. | 着た きた kita | |
| negative N5 I don't wear it. | 着ない きない kinai | |
| te-form N5 I put it on and … | 着て きて kite | |
| past negative N4 I didn't wear it. | 着なかった きなかった kinakatta | |
| volitional N4 Let's wear it. | 着よう きよう kiyou | |
| potential N3 I can wear it. | 着られる きられる kirareru | |
| cond. ば N3 If I put it on, ... | 着れば きれば kireba | |
| cond. たら N3 If I wear it, ... | 着たら きたら kitara | |
| passive N2 It gets worn. | 着られる きられる kirareru | |
| causative N2 I make someone wear it. | 着させる きさせる kisaseru | |
| imperative N1 Put it on! | 着ろ きろ kiro |
POLITE
| Form | Conjugation | Audio |
|---|---|---|
| present N5 | 着ます きます kimasu | |
| past N5 I wore it. | 着ました きました kimashita | |
| negative N5 I don't wear it. | 着ません きません kimasen | |
| past negative N4 I didn't wear it. | 着ませんでした きませんでした kimasendeshita | |
| volitional N4 Let's wear it. | 着ましょう きましょう kimashou |
ASPECT
| Form | Conjugation | Audio |
|---|---|---|
| ている N4 I'm wearing it. | 着ている きている kiteiru | |
| ていた N4 I was wearing it. | 着ていた きていた kiteita | |
| ています N4 I'm wearing it. | 着ています きています kiteimasu | |
| ていました N4 I was wearing it. | 着ていました きていました kiteimashita |