Ichidan verb
食べるたべる
taberu食べる (たべる, taberu) — to eat — is an ichidan verb: 食べて (te-form), 食べた (past), 食べない (negative), 食べます (polite).
It is transitive: it takes a direct object.
How 食べる conjugates · ichidan verb
Drop the る, then add the ending.
Nothing else moves: every ending attaches straight to the stem 食べ. That is what makes ichidan the easy class.
食べる
dropsstem + ending
食べない食べないnegative · I don't eat it.
食べます食べますpolite present
食べて食べてte-form · I eat something and …
食べた食べたpast · I ate it.
食べられる食べられるpotential · I can eat it.
食べれば食べればif · If I eat it, ...
食べよう食べようvolitional · Let's eat.
No sound changes and no vowel rows. The catch is telling ichidan from godan: plenty of godan verbs end in る too.
N5 N tags give the JLPT level at which the game starts quizzing a form.
PLAIN
| Form | Conjugation | Audio |
|---|---|---|
| present N5 | 食べる たべる taberu | |
| past N5 I ate it. | 食べた たべた tabeta | |
| negative N5 I don't eat it. | 食べない たべない tabenai | |
| te-form N5 I eat something and … | 食べて たべて tabete | |
| past negative N4 I didn't eat it. | 食べなかった たべなかった tabenakatta | |
| volitional N4 Let's eat. | 食べよう たべよう tabeyou | |
| potential N3 I can eat it. | 食べられる たべられる taberareru | |
| cond. ば N3 If I eat it, ... | 食べれば たべれば tabereba | |
| cond. たら N3 When I eat it, ... | 食べたら たべたら tabetara | |
| passive N2 It got eaten. | 食べられる たべられる taberareru | |
| causative N2 I make someone eat it. | 食べさせる たべさせる tabesaseru | |
| imperative N1 Eat it! | 食べろ たべろ tabero |
POLITE
| Form | Conjugation | Audio |
|---|---|---|
| present N5 | 食べます たべます tabemasu | |
| past N5 I ate it. | 食べました たべました tabemashita | |
| negative N5 I don't eat it. | 食べません たべません tabemasen | |
| past negative N4 I didn't eat it. | 食べませんでした たべませんでした tabemasendeshita | |
| volitional N4 Let's eat. | 食べましょう たべましょう tabemashou |
ASPECT
| Form | Conjugation | Audio |
|---|---|---|
| ている N4 I'm eating something. | 食べている たべている tabeteiru | |
| ていた N4 I was eating something. | 食べていた たべていた tabeteita | |
| ています N4 I'm eating something. | 食べています たべています tabeteimasu | |
| ていました N4 I was eating something. | 食べていました たべていました tabeteimashita |