Godan verb (る)
粘るねばる
nebaru粘る (ねばる, nebaru) — to persist — is a godan verb ending in る: 粘って (te-form), 粘った (past), 粘らない (negative), 粘ります (polite).
It also means to hold out; to stick with it.
How 粘る conjugates · godan る-verb
Only the last kana changes: る becomes ら, り, れ or ろ.
Which one depends on the ending. The five are one line of the hiragana chart — same consonant, vowels あ・い・う・え・お — and everything before that kana never changes.
ら粘らないnegative
り粘りますpolite present
る粘るdictionary form
れ粘れるpotential粘ればif
ろ粘ろうvolitional
The て and た forms · る → って, った
っ粘ってte-form粘ったpast
The て and た forms are the only two that don't follow this pattern. Every う-, つ- and る-verb has the same って there.
PLAIN
| Form | Conjugation | Audio |
|---|---|---|
| present | 粘る ねばる nebaru | |
| past I kept at it. | 粘った ねばった nebatta | |
| negative I don't hold out. | 粘らない ねばらない nebaranai | |
| te-form I keep at it and … | 粘って ねばって nebatte | |
| past negative I didn't keep at it. | 粘らなかった ねばらなかった nebaranakatta | |
| volitional Let's keep at it. | 粘ろう ねばろう nebarou | |
| potential I can keep at it. | 粘れる ねばれる nebareru | |
| cond. ば If I keep at it, ... | 粘れば ねばれば nebareba | |
| cond. たら When I keep at it, ... | 粘ったら ねばったら nebattara | |
| passive Someone keeps at me. | 粘られる ねばられる nebarareru | |
| causative I make someone keep at it. | 粘らせる ねばらせる nebaraseru | |
| imperative Keep at it! | 粘れ ねばれ nebare |
POLITE
| Form | Conjugation | Audio |
|---|---|---|
| present | 粘ります ねばります nebarimasu | |
| past I kept at it. | 粘りました ねばりました nebarimashita | |
| negative I don't hold out. | 粘りません ねばりません nebarimasen | |
| past negative I didn't keep at it. | 粘りませんでした ねばりませんでした nebarimasendeshita | |
| volitional Let's keep at it. | 粘りましょう ねばりましょう nebarimashou |
ASPECT
| Form | Conjugation | Audio |
|---|---|---|
| ている I'm keeping at it. | 粘っている ねばっている nebatteiru | |
| ていた I was keeping at it. | 粘っていた ねばっていた nebatteita | |
| ています I'm keeping at it. | 粘っています ねばっています nebatteimasu | |
| ていました I was keeping at it. | 粘っていました ねばっていました nebatteimashita |