Godan verb (む)
汲むくむ
kumuAlso read くむ: 組む (cross), 酌む (pour sake). All 3 words
汲む (くむ, kumu) — to draw — is a godan verb ending in む: 汲んで (te-form), 汲んだ (past), 汲まない (negative), 汲みます (polite).
It is transitive: it takes a direct object. It also means to ladle; to dip up.
How 汲む conjugates · godan む-verb
Only the last kana changes: む becomes ま, み, め or も.
Which one depends on the ending. The five are one line of the hiragana chart — same consonant, vowels あ・い・う・え・お — and everything before that kana never changes.
ま汲まないnegative
み汲みますpolite present
む汲むdictionary form
め汲めるpotential汲めばif
も汲もうvolitional
The て and た forms · む → んで, んだ
ん汲んでte-form汲んだpast
The て and た forms are the only two that don't follow this pattern. Every む-, ぶ- and ぬ-verb has the same んで there.
N1 N tags give the JLPT level at which the game starts quizzing a form.
Aa Dimmed forms are too rare in everyday Japanese for the game to quiz.
PLAIN
| Form | Conjugation | Audio |
|---|---|---|
| present | 汲む くむ kumu | |
| past I drew some water. | 汲んだ くんだ kunda | |
| negative I don't draw water. | 汲まない くまない kumanai | |
| te-form I draw some water and … | 汲んで くんで kunde | |
| past negative | 汲まなかった くまなかった kumanakatta | |
| volitional Let's draw some water. | 汲もう くもう kumou | |
| potential I can draw water. | 汲める くめる kumeru | |
| cond. ば If I draw water, ... | 汲めば くめば kumeba | |
| cond. たら When I draw water, ... | 汲んだら くんだら kundara | |
| passive | 汲まれる くまれる kumareru | |
| causative I make someone draw water. | 汲ませる くませる kumaseru | |
| imperative N1 Draw the water yourself! | 汲め くめ kume |
POLITE
| Form | Conjugation | Audio |
|---|---|---|
| present | 汲みます くみます kumimasu | |
| past I drew some water. | 汲みました くみました kumimashita | |
| negative I don't draw water. | 汲みません くみません kumimasen | |
| past negative | 汲みませんでした くみませんでした kumimasendeshita | |
| volitional Let's draw some water. | 汲みましょう くみましょう kumimashou |
ASPECT
| Form | Conjugation | Audio |
|---|---|---|
| ている I'm drawing water. | 汲んでいる くんでいる kundeiru | |
| ていた I was drawing water. | 汲んでいた くんでいた kundeita | |
| ています I'm drawing water. | 汲んでいます くんでいます kundeimasu | |
| ていました I was drawing water. | 汲んでいました くんでいました kundeimashita |