Godan verb (る)
語るかたる
kataru語る (かたる, kataru) — to talk about — is a godan verb ending in る: 語って (te-form), 語った (past), 語らない (negative), 語ります (polite).
It is transitive: it takes a direct object. It also means to speak of; to tell.
How 語る conjugates · godan る-verb
Only the last kana changes: る becomes ら, り, れ or ろ.
Which one depends on the ending. The five are one line of the hiragana chart — same consonant, vowels あ・い・う・え・お — and everything before that kana never changes.
ら語らないnegative
り語りますpolite present
る語るdictionary form
れ語れるpotential語ればif
ろ語ろうvolitional
The て and た forms · る → って, った
っ語ってte-form語ったpast
The て and た forms are the only two that don't follow this pattern. Every う-, つ- and る-verb has the same って there.
N5 N tags give the JLPT level at which the game starts quizzing a form.
PLAIN
| Form | Conjugation | Audio |
|---|---|---|
| present N5 | 語る かたる kataru | |
| past N5 I talked about it. | 語った かたった katatta | |
| negative N5 I don't talk about it. | 語らない かたらない kataranai | |
| te-form N5 I talk about it and … | 語って かたって katatte | |
| past negative N4 I didn't talk about it. | 語らなかった かたらなかった kataranakatta | |
| volitional N4 Let's talk about it. | 語ろう かたろう katarou | |
| potential N3 I can talk about it. | 語れる かたれる katareru | |
| cond. ば N3 If I talk about it, ... | 語れば かたれば katareba | |
| cond. たら N3 When I talk about it, ... | 語ったら かたったら katattara | |
| passive N2 It's talked about. | 語られる かたられる katarareru | |
| causative N2 I make someone talk about it. | 語らせる かたらせる kataraseru | |
| imperative N1 Talk about it! | 語れ かたれ katare |
POLITE
| Form | Conjugation | Audio |
|---|---|---|
| present N5 | 語ります かたります katarimasu | |
| past N5 I talked about it. | 語りました かたりました katarimashita | |
| negative N5 I don't talk about it. | 語りません かたりません katarimasen | |
| past negative N4 I didn't talk about it. | 語りませんでした かたりませんでした katarimasendeshita | |
| volitional N4 Let's talk about it. | 語りましょう かたりましょう katarimashou |
ASPECT
| Form | Conjugation | Audio |
|---|---|---|
| ている N4 I'm talking about something. | 語っている かたっている katatteiru | |
| ていた N4 I was talking about something. | 語っていた かたっていた katatteita | |
| ています N4 I'm talking about something. | 語っています かたっています katatteimasu | |
| ていました N4 I was talking about something. | 語っていました かたっていました katatteimashita |