Godan verb (む)
恨むうらむ
uramuAlso read うらむ: 憾む (regret). All 2 words
恨む (うらむ, uramu) — to bear a grudge against — is a godan verb ending in む: 恨んで (te-form), 恨んだ (past), 恨まない (negative), 恨みます (polite).
It is transitive: it takes a direct object. It also means to resent; to blame.
How 恨む conjugates · godan む-verb
Only the last kana changes: む becomes ま, み, め or も.
Which one depends on the ending. The five are one line of the hiragana chart — same consonant, vowels あ・い・う・え・お — and everything before that kana never changes.
ま恨まないnegative
み恨みますpolite present
む恨むdictionary form
め恨めるpotential恨めばif
も恨もうvolitional
The て and た forms · む → んで, んだ
ん恨んでte-form恨んだpast
The て and た forms are the only two that don't follow this pattern. Every む-, ぶ- and ぬ-verb has the same んで there.
N1 N tags give the JLPT level at which the game starts quizzing a form.
Aa Dimmed forms are too rare in everyday Japanese for the game to quiz.
PLAIN
| Form | Conjugation | Audio |
|---|---|---|
| present | 恨む うらむ uramu | |
| past I resented someone. | 恨んだ うらんだ uranda | |
| negative I don't resent someone. | 恨まない うらまない uramanai | |
| te-form I resent someone and … | 恨んで うらんで urande | |
| past negative I didn't resent someone. | 恨まなかった うらまなかった uramanakatta | |
| volitional Let's hold a grudge against someone. | 恨もう うらもう uramou | |
| potential I can resent someone. | 恨める うらめる urameru | |
| cond. ば If I resent someone, ... | 恨めば うらめば urameba | |
| cond. たら When I resent someone, ... | 恨んだら うらんだら urandara | |
| passive I'm resented by someone. | 恨まれる うらまれる uramareru | |
| causative | 恨ませる うらませる uramaseru | |
| imperative N1 Resent it! | 恨め うらめ urame |
POLITE
| Form | Conjugation | Audio |
|---|---|---|
| present | 恨みます うらみます uramimasu | |
| past I resented someone. | 恨みました うらみました uramimashita | |
| negative I don't resent someone. | 恨みません うらみません uramimasen | |
| past negative I didn't resent someone. | 恨みませんでした うらみませんでした uramimasendeshita | |
| volitional Let's hold a grudge against someone. | 恨みましょう うらみましょう uramimashou |
ASPECT
| Form | Conjugation | Audio |
|---|---|---|
| ている I hold a grudge against someone. | 恨んでいる うらんでいる urandeiru | |
| ていた I was holding a grudge against someone. | 恨んでいた うらんでいた urandeita | |
| ています I hold a grudge against someone. | 恨んでいます うらんでいます urandeimasu | |
| ていました I was holding a grudge against someone. | 恨んでいました うらんでいました urandeimashita |