い-adjective
硬いかたい
kataiAlso read かたい: 難い (difficult). All 2 words
硬い (かたい, katai) — hard — is an い-adjective: 硬かった (past), 硬くない (negative), 硬くて (te-form), 硬いです (polite).
It also means solid; tough.
How 硬い conjugates · い-adjective
Drop the final い, then add the ending.
Every form is built on the stem 硬. The one that isn't: the polite present, which is the whole word plus です.
硬い
dropsstem + ending
硬かった硬かったpast · It was hard.
硬くない硬くないnegative · It isn't hard.
硬くて硬くてte-form · It's hard and …
硬ければ硬ければif · If it's hard, ...
硬いです硬いですpolite presentkeeps the い
Every い-adjective works this way. The one exception is いい, which conjugates from its older form よい.
N5 N tags give the JLPT level at which the game starts quizzing a form.
PLAIN
| Form | Conjugation | Audio |
|---|---|---|
| present N5 | 硬い かたい katai | |
| past N5 It was hard. | 硬かった かたかった katakatta | |
| negative N5 It isn't hard. | 硬くない かたくない katakunai | |
| te-form N5 It's hard and … | 硬くて かたくて katakute | |
| past negative N4 It wasn't hard. | 硬くなかった かたくなかった katakunakatta | |
| cond. ば N3 If it's hard, ... | 硬ければ かたければ katakereba | |
| cond. たら N3 When it's hard, ... | 硬かったら かたかったら katakattara |
POLITE
| Form | Conjugation | Audio |
|---|---|---|
| present N5 | 硬いです かたいです kataidesu | |
| past N5 It was hard. | 硬かったです かたかったです katakattadesu | |
| negative N5 It isn't hard. | 硬くないです かたくないです katakunaidesu | |
| past negative N4 It wasn't hard. | 硬くなかったです かたくなかったです katakunakattadesu |