Godan verb (む)
挑むいどむ
idomu挑む (いどむ, idomu) — to challenge to — is a godan verb ending in む: 挑んで (te-form), 挑んだ (past), 挑まない (negative), 挑みます (polite).
It is transitive: it takes a direct object. It also means to throw down the gauntlet; to contend for.
How 挑む conjugates · godan む-verb
Only the last kana changes: む becomes ま, み, め or も.
Which one depends on the ending. The five are one line of the hiragana chart — same consonant, vowels あ・い・う・え・お — and everything before that kana never changes.
ま挑まないnegative
み挑みますpolite present
む挑むdictionary form
め挑めるpotential挑めばif
も挑もうvolitional
The て and た forms · む → んで, んだ
ん挑んでte-form挑んだpast
The て and た forms are the only two that don't follow this pattern. Every む-, ぶ- and ぬ-verb has the same んで there.
Aa Dimmed forms are too rare in everyday Japanese for the game to quiz.
PLAIN
| Form | Conjugation | Audio |
|---|---|---|
| present | 挑む いどむ idomu | |
| past I challenged someone. | 挑んだ いどんだ idonda | |
| negative I don't challenge anyone. | 挑まない いどまない idomanai | |
| te-form I challenge someone and … | 挑んで いどんで idonde | |
| past negative | 挑まなかった いどまなかった idomanakatta | |
| volitional Let's take them on. | 挑もう いどもう idomou | |
| potential I can challenge someone. | 挑める いどめる idomeru | |
| cond. ば If I challenge someone, ... | 挑めば いどめば idomeba | |
| cond. たら When I challenge someone, ... | 挑んだら いどんだら idondara | |
| passive I get challenged. | 挑まれる いどまれる idomareru | |
| causative I let someone take it on. | 挑ませる いどませる idomaseru | |
| imperative Take them on! | 挑め いどめ idome |
POLITE
| Form | Conjugation | Audio |
|---|---|---|
| present | 挑みます いどみます idomimasu | |
| past I challenged someone. | 挑みました いどみました idomimashita | |
| negative I don't challenge anyone. | 挑みません いどみません idomimasen | |
| past negative | 挑みませんでした いどみませんでした idomimasendeshita | |
| volitional Let's take them on. | 挑みましょう いどみましょう idomimashou |
ASPECT
| Form | Conjugation | Audio |
|---|---|---|
| ている I'm challenging someone. | 挑んでいる いどんでいる idondeiru | |
| ていた I was challenging someone. | 挑んでいた いどんでいた idondeita | |
| ています I'm challenging someone. | 挑んでいます いどんでいます idondeimasu | |
| ていました I was challenging someone. | 挑んでいました いどんでいました idondeimashita |