Godan verb (く)
裁くさばく
sabaku裁く (さばく, sabaku) — to judge — is a godan verb ending in く: 裁いて (te-form), 裁いた (past), 裁かない (negative), 裁きます (polite).
It is transitive: it takes a direct object. It also means to try; to sit in judgement.
How 裁く conjugates · godan く-verb
Only the last kana changes: く becomes か, き, け or こ.
Which one depends on the ending. The five are one line of the hiragana chart — same consonant, vowels あ・い・う・え・お — and everything before that kana never changes.
か裁かないnegative
き裁きますpolite present
く裁くdictionary form
け裁けるpotential裁けばif
こ裁こうvolitional
The て and た forms · く → いて, いた
い裁いてte-form裁いたpast
The て and た forms are the only two that don't follow this pattern. Every く- and ぐ-verb changes the same way there; only 行く is different.
PLAIN
| Form | Conjugation | Audio |
|---|---|---|
| present | 裁く さばく sabaku | |
| past I judged someone. | 裁いた さばいた sabaita | |
| negative I don't judge anyone. | 裁かない さばかない sabakanai | |
| te-form I judge someone and … | 裁いて さばいて sabaite | |
| past negative I didn't judge anyone. | 裁かなかった さばかなかった sabakanakatta | |
| volitional Let's judge someone. | 裁こう さばこう sabakou | |
| potential I can judge someone. | 裁ける さばける sabakeru | |
| cond. ば If I judge someone, ... | 裁けば さばけば sabakeba | |
| cond. たら When I judge someone, ... | 裁いたら さばいたら sabaitara | |
| passive He is judged. | 裁かれる さばかれる sabakareru | |
| causative I make someone judge them. | 裁かせる さばかせる sabakaseru | |
| imperative Judge them! | 裁け さばけ sabake |
POLITE
| Form | Conjugation | Audio |
|---|---|---|
| present | 裁きます さばきます sabakimasu | |
| past I judged someone. | 裁きました さばきました sabakimashita | |
| negative I don't judge anyone. | 裁きません さばきません sabakimasen | |
| past negative I didn't judge anyone. | 裁きませんでした さばきませんでした sabakimasendeshita | |
| volitional Let's judge someone. | 裁きましょう さばきましょう sabakimashou |
ASPECT
| Form | Conjugation | Audio |
|---|---|---|
| ている I'm judging someone. | 裁いている さばいている sabaiteiru | |
| ていた I was judging someone. | 裁いていた さばいていた sabaiteita | |
| ています I'm judging someone. | 裁いています さばいています sabaiteimasu | |
| ていました I was judging someone. | 裁いていました さばいていました sabaiteimashita |