Godan verb (る)
塗るぬる
nuru塗る (ぬる, nuru) — to paint — is a godan verb ending in る: 塗って (te-form), 塗った (past), 塗らない (negative), 塗ります (polite).
It is transitive: it takes a direct object. It also means to spread; to plaster.
How 塗る conjugates · godan る-verb
Only the last kana changes: る becomes ら, り, れ or ろ.
Which one depends on the ending. The five are one line of the hiragana chart — same consonant, vowels あ・い・う・え・お — and everything before that kana never changes.
ら塗らないnegative
り塗りますpolite present
る塗るdictionary form
れ塗れるpotential塗ればif
ろ塗ろうvolitional
The て and た forms · る → って, った
っ塗ってte-form塗ったpast
The て and た forms are the only two that don't follow this pattern. Every う-, つ- and る-verb has the same って there.
N3 N tags give the JLPT level at which the game starts quizzing a form.
Aa Dimmed forms are too rare in everyday Japanese for the game to quiz.
PLAIN
| Form | Conjugation | Audio |
|---|---|---|
| present | 塗る ぬる nuru | |
| past I painted it. | 塗った ぬった nutta | |
| negative I don't paint it. | 塗らない ぬらない nuranai | |
| te-form I paint it and … | 塗って ぬって nutte | |
| past negative I didn't paint it. | 塗らなかった ぬらなかった nuranakatta | |
| volitional Let's paint it. | 塗ろう ぬろう nurou | |
| potential N3 | 塗れる ぬれる nureru | |
| cond. ば N3 If I paint it, ... | 塗れば ぬれば nureba | |
| cond. たら N3 When I paint it, ... | 塗ったら ぬったら nuttara | |
| passive N2 It gets painted. | 塗られる ぬられる nurareru | |
| causative N2 | 塗らせる ぬらせる nuraseru | |
| imperative N1 Paint it! | 塗れ ぬれ nure |
POLITE
| Form | Conjugation | Audio |
|---|---|---|
| present | 塗ります ぬります nurimasu | |
| past I painted it. | 塗りました ぬりました nurimashita | |
| negative I don't paint it. | 塗りません ぬりません nurimasen | |
| past negative I didn't paint it. | 塗りませんでした ぬりませんでした nurimasendeshita | |
| volitional Let's paint it. | 塗りましょう ぬりましょう nurimashou |
ASPECT
| Form | Conjugation | Audio |
|---|---|---|
| ている I'm painting it. | 塗っている ぬっている nutteiru | |
| ていた I was painting it. | 塗っていた ぬっていた nutteita | |
| ています I'm painting it. | 塗っています ぬっています nutteimasu | |
| ていました I was painting it. | 塗っていました ぬっていました nutteimashita |