Godan verb (く)
磨くみがく
migaku磨く (みがく, migaku) — to polish — is a godan verb ending in く: 磨いて (te-form), 磨いた (past), 磨かない (negative), 磨きます (polite).
It is transitive: it takes a direct object. It also means to shine; to burnish.
How 磨く conjugates · godan く-verb
Only the last kana changes: く becomes か, き, け or こ.
Which one depends on the ending. The five are one line of the hiragana chart — same consonant, vowels あ・い・う・え・お — and everything before that kana never changes.
か磨かないnegative
き磨きますpolite present
く磨くdictionary form
け磨けるpotential磨けばif
こ磨こうvolitional
The て and た forms · く → いて, いた
い磨いてte-form磨いたpast
The て and た forms are the only two that don't follow this pattern. Every く- and ぐ-verb changes the same way there; only 行く is different.
N5 N tags give the JLPT level at which the game starts quizzing a form.
PLAIN
| Form | Conjugation | Audio |
|---|---|---|
| present N5 | 磨く みがく migaku | |
| past N5 I polished it. | 磨いた みがいた migaita | |
| negative N5 I don't polish it. | 磨かない みがかない migakanai | |
| te-form N5 I polish it and … | 磨いて みがいて migaite | |
| past negative N4 I didn't polish it. | 磨かなかった みがかなかった migakanakatta | |
| volitional N4 Let's polish it. | 磨こう みがこう migakou | |
| potential N3 I can polish it. | 磨ける みがける migakeru | |
| cond. ば N3 If I polish it, ... | 磨けば みがけば migakeba | |
| cond. たら N3 When I polish it, ... | 磨いたら みがいたら migaitara | |
| passive N2 It gets polished. | 磨かれる みがかれる migakareru | |
| causative N2 I make someone polish it. | 磨かせる みがかせる migakaseru | |
| imperative N1 Polish it! | 磨け みがけ migake |
POLITE
| Form | Conjugation | Audio |
|---|---|---|
| present N5 | 磨きます みがきます migakimasu | |
| past N5 I polished it. | 磨きました みがきました migakimashita | |
| negative N5 I don't polish it. | 磨きません みがきません migakimasen | |
| past negative N4 I didn't polish it. | 磨きませんでした みがきませんでした migakimasendeshita | |
| volitional N4 Let's polish it. | 磨きましょう みがきましょう migakimashou |
ASPECT
| Form | Conjugation | Audio |
|---|---|---|
| ている N4 I'm polishing it. | 磨いている みがいている migaiteiru | |
| ていた N4 I was polishing it. | 磨いていた みがいていた migaiteita | |
| ています N4 I'm polishing it. | 磨いています みがいています migaiteimasu | |
| ていました N4 I was polishing it. | 磨いていました みがいていました migaiteimashita |